Amplitude represents the maximum displacement from equilibrium or zero point in a periodic function. It measures the strength or intensity of a wave.
Imagine you are on a swing set. The amplitude would be how far back and forth you swing from your resting position. A larger amplitude means swinging higher and farther, while a smaller amplitude means swinging lower and closer to your starting point.
Crest and Trough: In wave phenomena, crests are the highest points above equilibrium, while troughs are the lowest points below equilibrium.
Intensity: Intensity refers to the amount of energy carried by each unit area perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.
Loudness: In sound waves, loudness corresponds to our perception of sound intensity and relates directly to amplitude.
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