These refer to George Washington's presidency from 1789-1797 and John Adams' presidency from 1797-1801. Both were key figures in establishing precedents for future presidents.
Imagine being given an empty canvas (the new nation) with some paints (laws & constitution). Washington and Adams were like those first artists who had to decide what kind of picture they wanted to paint without any previous examples to guide them.
Federalist Party: The first American political party led by Alexander Hamilton and John Adams; it advocated for a strong national government.
Precedent: An action or decision that later serves as an example or rule to be followed in similar situations.
Cabinet: A group consisting of heads of executive departments chosen by President which acts as advisers.
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