A revolution is a fundamental and often sudden change in political power or organizational structures that takes place when the population revolts against the government, typically due to perceived oppression or political incompetence. Rebellion, on the other hand, is an act of violent or open resistance to an established government or ruler.
Think of a school where students are unhappy with the rules set by the principal (government). If they decide to protest and demand changes in these rules, it's like a rebellion. But if they go further and manage to replace the principal with someone else who promises better rules, that's akin to a revolution.
Insurrection: An act of rising against civil authority or governmental restraint; specifically : a violent uprising by an organized group for political ends.
Coup d'etat: A sudden decisive exercise of force in politics; especially : the violent overthrow or alteration of an existing government by a small group.
Civil Disobedience: Refusal to obey governmental demands or commands especially as a nonviolent and usually collective means of forcing concessions from the government.
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