Desempleo means unemployment, which is when individuals who are able and willing to work are unable to find employment.
Think of desempleo as being like sitting on a bench at recess while everyone else is playing. You want to join in and participate, but there just aren't enough opportunities available for you at the moment.
Empleo: Employment refers to having a job or occupation that provides income.
Tasa de desempleo: The unemployment rate measures the percentage of people in the labor force who are unemployed and actively seeking employment.
Subempleo: Underemployment occurs when individuals are employed in jobs that do not fully utilize their skills or qualifications.
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