Phenotype refers to the observable traits or characteristics exhibited by an organism due to both its genetic makeup (genotype) and its interaction with the environment.
Genes: Units of hereditary information that are responsible for specific traits and characteristics.
Epigenetics: The study of changes in gene expression or cellular phenotype caused by mechanisms other than alterations to the underlying DNA sequence.
Gene-environment Interaction: The concept that the effects of genes on behavior or traits can be influenced by environmental factors, leading to variations in phenotypes.
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