Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals across a synapse from one neuron (nerve cell) to another 'target' neuron, muscle cell, or gland cell.
Think of neurotransmitters like mail carriers. They deliver messages (signals) from one house (neuron) to another house (another neuron or target cell). Just like how the mail carrier has to drop off the mail in the mailbox for it to be received, neurotransmitters have to bind with specific receptors on the receiving neuron for the message to be understood.
Acetylcholine: This is a type of neurotransmitter that plays a key role in muscle contraction and heart rate regulation. It's also involved in memory formation and learning.
Dopamine: Another type of neurotransmitter that's associated with pleasure and reward. It's often linked with addiction because drugs can increase its levels in the brain.
Serotonin: This is a neurotransmitter that helps regulate mood, appetite, sleep, and some cognitive functions including memory and learning.
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