Molecular Structure and Function of Genes

Definition

The molecular structure refers to how genes are built at a molecular level including DNA sequences. The function refers to what these genes do – typically coding for proteins which carry out various functions within cells.

Analogy

Imagine genes as instruction manuals for building furniture. The molecular structure is like the specific steps and diagrams in the manual, while the function is what that piece of furniture is used for once it's built.

Related terms

DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material which is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It carries genetic information.

Protein Synthesis: The process by which cells build proteins based on instructions from genes.

Genetic Code: The set of rules by which information encoded within genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) is translated into proteins by living cells.