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Bipolar Disorders

Definition

Bipolar disorders are brain disorders that cause changes in a person's mood, energy and ability to function. People with bipolar disorders have extreme and intense emotional states that occur at distinct times, called mood episodes.

Analogy

Imagine being on a roller coaster where you're constantly going up and down without any control over the ride. That's what it can feel like for someone with bipolar disorder - experiencing highs (mania) and lows (depression) in their mood.

Related terms

Bipolar I Disorder: This is characterized by one or more manic episodes or mixed episodes (symptoms of both mania and depression) and one or more major depressive episodes.

Bipolar II Disorder: This involves one or more major depressive episodes accompanied by at least one hypomanic episode (a milder form of mania).

Cyclothymic Disorder: A chronic but less severe form of bipolar disorder where individuals experience numerous periods with hypomanic symptoms and numerous periods with depressive symptoms lasting for at least two years.