Electric flux measures how much electric field passes through a given area. It depends on both the strength of the electric field and the orientation of the area with respect to it.
Think of yourself holding an umbrella during rainfall. The amount of rain falling onto your umbrella represents the electric flux, while your umbrella acts as an imaginary surface capturing some portion of raindrops passing through it.
Gauss's Law for Electricity: This law relates the total electric flux through any closed surface to the net charge enclosed by that surface.
Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction: This law states that changing magnetic fields induce an electromotive force (EMF) in nearby conductors, which leads to induced currents.
Maxwell's Equations: These four fundamental equations describe how electromagnetic fields behave and relate changes in these fields with sources such as charges and currents.
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