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Conservation of mechanical energy

Definition

The conservation of mechanical energy states that the total amount of mechanical energy in a system remains constant, as long as no external forces are acting on it. Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic energy (energy due to motion) and potential energy (energy due to position or height).

Analogy

Imagine a roller coaster ride where you start at the top of a hill with high potential energy. As you go down the hill, your potential energy decreases while your kinetic energy increases. However, if there are no friction or air resistance, your total mechanical energy will remain constant throughout the ride.

Related terms

Work-energy theorem: This theorem states that the work done on an object is equal to its change in kinetic energy. In other words, work transfers mechanical energy from one form to another.

Law of conservation of energy: This law states that in any isolated system, the total amount of energy remains constant over time. It includes all forms of energy, not just mechanical.

Elastic potential energy: This is a type of potential energy stored in objects that can be stretched or compressed, such as springs. When released, this stored elastic potential energy can be converted into other forms like kinetic or gravitational potential.