Capacitors store electrical energy by accumulating charge on two conductive plates separated by an insulating material called dielectric.
Picture capacitors as rechargeable batteries. They can store electrical energy like batteries store chemical energy until it's needed later.
Dielectric Constant (k): The dielectric constant measures how well an insulating material can store electric charge between capacitor plates.
Charging Time Constant (RC): The charging time constant determines how quickly or slowly a capacitor charges or discharges in an RC circuit.
Energy Stored: The energy stored in a capacitor is proportional to the square of its voltage and capacitance, given by the formula E = 1/2 * C * V^2.
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