An open system is a physical system that can both exchange matter and energy with its surroundings.
Think of an aquarium with fish. Water flows in and out freely, allowing the fish to interact with their environment while also receiving food from outside sources.
Closed System: A closed system is a physical system that does not exchange matter with its surroundings, but can exchange energy.
Conservation of Mass-Energy: The principle stating that the total mass-energy within an isolated (closed) or open system remains constant over time.
Entropy: A measure of the disorder or randomness in a system.
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