Upper Neighbor Tone

Lower Neighbor Tone: Similar to an upper neighbor tone, but instead of being one step higher, it is one step lower than the main note.

Passing Tone: A passing tone occurs when there's an embellishing note between two main notes that are either above or below it. It creates smooth melodic motion.

Suspension: A suspension happens when a note from one chord is held over into the next chord while other voices move around it. It creates tension and resolves to a consonant note.