Subdominant Function

Definition

The subdominant function refers to the role of the IV chord in a key, which provides stability and contrast to the tonic (I) chord. It is often associated with a sense of relaxation in harmonic progressions.

Analogy

Think of the subdominant function as taking a break from studying after working hard on your homework. Just like how it brings relief and relaxation, the subdominant function offers a momentary rest from tension before returning to the dominant and tonic chords.

Related terms

Tonic Chord: The tonic chord is built on the first scale degree of a key and represents stability and resolution. The subdominant function creates contrast with this stable tonic sound.

Circle of Fifths: The circle of fifths is a visual representation of how keys are related based on their fifths interval. The subdominant (IV) is located one step counterclockwise from the tonic (I) on this circle.

Plagal Cadence: A plagal cadence is a musical phrase that ends with IV-I instead of V-I. This cadence highlights the subdominant function by emphasizing its resolution back to I without as much tension as in an authentic cadence.