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Subdominant Chord (IV or iv)

Definition

The subdominant chord is built on the fourth scale degree of a major or minor key. In major keys, it is typically represented by Roman numeral IV, while in natural minor keys it can be represented by either uppercase IV or lowercase iv. This chord adds richness and stability to harmonies, often used as part of cadences or creating contrast with other chords.

Analogy

Imagine you are building sandcastles on the beach. The subdominant chord is like adding another layer of sand that strengthens your castle's foundation, making it more stable against waves crashing into it.

Related terms

Tonic Chord (I or i): The tonic chord is the main or home chord of a major or minor key. It provides a sense of resolution and stability, often used at the beginning and end of musical phrases.

Dominant Chord (V or V7): The dominant chord creates tension and leads back to the tonic chord. It is commonly used before resolving to the tonic in order to create a sense of closure.

Supertonic Chord (ii or ii°): The supertonic chord is built on the second scale degree of a major or minor key. It adds a touch of anticipation and prepares for the dominant chord, creating harmonic motion within a progression.