An augmented 4th is an interval that spans four letter names but eight half steps. It creates tension due to its dissonant nature.
Picture yourself stretching out a rubber band as far as it can go. The distance between your hands represents an augmented 4th - it's stretched to its limit!
Diminished 5th: Also known as a tritone, it spans six letter names and six half steps. It has a dissonant and unstable sound.
Perfect 5th: An interval that spans five letter names and seven half steps. It is stable and consonant.
Major 3rd: An interval that spans three letter names and four half steps. It has a bright and uplifting sound.
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