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Thomas Hobbes

Definition

Thomas Hobbes was a 17th-century English philosopher who believed that human nature is inherently selfish and driven by self-interest. He argued that without a strong central authority, society would descend into chaos and conflict.

Analogy

Imagine a group of friends trying to decide where to go for dinner. If everyone only cares about their own preferences and doesn't consider the needs or desires of others, it could lead to arguments and frustration. This reflects Hobbes's view on human nature - that people are primarily motivated by their own self-interests.

Related terms

Social Contract Theory: This theory suggests that individuals willingly give up some freedoms in exchange for protection from the government.

Leviathan: In Hobbes's book "Leviathan," he describes the need for a powerful ruler (the Leviathan) to maintain order and prevent societal breakdown.

State of Nature: The hypothetical state of humanity before the existence of organized societies or governments, often characterized by chaos and conflict.