Soil development

Definition

Soil development refers to the process by which soil forms over time through a combination of weathering, organic matter accumulation, and biological activity. It involves the transformation of rock particles into fertile soil capable of supporting plant growth.

Analogy

Imagine soil development as building a house. The foundation is formed by weathered rock particles that gradually accumulate over time. Then layers are added - organic matter acts like insulation while microorganisms act as construction workers breaking down materials and creating spaces for roots to grow.

Related terms

Soil Horizons: Soil horizons are distinct layers within a soil profile that have different characteristics such as color, texture, and composition.

Leaching: Leaching is the process in which minerals or nutrients are washed out from upper soil layers to lower ones due to excessive rainfall or irrigation.

Nutrient Cycling: Nutrient cycling refers to the movement and recycling of essential elements (such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus) between living organisms, soil, water, and the atmosphere.