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Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)

Definition

Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are a group of highly reactive gases composed of nitrogen and oxygen atoms. They are primarily produced from combustion processes such as burning fossil fuels in vehicles, power plants, and industrial facilities. NOx emissions contribute to air pollution and can lead to respiratory problems and the formation of smog.

Analogy

Think of nitrogen oxides as unwanted byproducts released into the air during combustion processes similar to how smoke or fumes are emitted from a car's exhaust pipe. Just like inhaling too much smoke can be harmful to your lungs, excessive exposure to nitrogen oxides can negatively impact air quality and human health.

Related terms

Acid Rain: Acid rain is caused by atmospheric pollutants like sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides reacting with water vapor in the atmosphere. It leads to precipitation with lower pH levels than normal rainwater, which can harm aquatic life, forests, crops, buildings, and infrastructure.

Ozone Layer Depletion: Certain nitrogen oxides, particularly nitrous oxide (N2O), contribute to the depletion of the ozone layer in the Earth's stratosphere. The ozone layer protects us from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and its depletion increases the risk of skin cancer, cataracts, and other health issues.

Smog: Smog is a type of air pollution that occurs when nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) react with sunlight. It creates a hazy mixture of pollutants, including ground-level ozone, which can cause respiratory problems and reduce visibility.