Nonspontaneous redox reactions are chemical reactions that do not occur naturally without the input of energy. They involve the transfer of electrons from one species to another.
Think of nonspontaneous redox reactions like pushing a boulder uphill. It won't happen on its own; you need to put in effort (energy) to make it happen.
Oxidation: This is a process where a molecule, atom or ion loses electrons during a reaction.
Reduction: The opposite of oxidation, reduction is when a molecule, atom or ion gains electrons during a reaction.
Gibbs Free Energy: This term refers to the maximum amount of work that can be done by a system at constant temperature and pressure. If Gibbs free energy is positive, the reaction is nonspontaneous.
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