The cosine of an angle θ is the ratio of the length of the adjacent side to θ in a right triangle to the length of the hypotenuse.
Imagine you are driving a car on a circular racetrack. Your position on this track can be represented by angles. As you move around, your x-coordinate changes based on your position. This changing x-coordinate represents cosine values.
Sine (sinθ): The sine function represents vertical distances in a right triangle and is equal to opposite over hypotenuse.
Tangent (tanθ): The tangent function represents slopes and is equal to sine divided by cosine, or opposite over adjacent.
Secant (secθ): The secant function is equal to 1 divided by cosine, or hypotenuse over adjacent.
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