A partial negative charge occurs when an atom in a molecule attracts electrons more strongly than other atoms, causing the electrons to spend more time near that atom and giving it a slight negative charge.
Think of a group project where one person is doing most of the work. That person (the atom with the stronger pull) ends up with most of the responsibility (the electrons), while others are less involved. This imbalance creates a "partial" or unequal distribution of workload, similar to how electrons are distributed in a molecule.
Electronegativity: The measure of an atom's ability to attract shared electrons in a chemical bond.
Polar Molecule: A molecule that has regions of positive and negative charge due to uneven distribution of electrons.
Covalent Bond: A type of chemical bond where two atoms share pairs of electrons.
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