Homologous Chromosomes
Definition
Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes - one from each parent - that are similar in shape, size, and gene content. They pair up during meiosis before being separated into different gametes.
Analogy
Imagine homologous chromosomes as matching socks. Each sock represents a chromosome from your mom or dad. They're similar – same length and pattern (genes) – but not identical because they come from different people (parents).
Related terms
Allele: One version or form of a gene at a particular location on a chromosome.
Diploid Cell: A cell containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.
Haploid Cell: A cell containing only one set of unpaired chromosomes.
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