Guanylyltransferase

Definition

Guanylyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a guanine nucleotide to the 5' end of a messenger RNA molecule during the capping process.

Analogy

Think of guanylyltransferase as a construction worker who's responsible for adding the final piece (the cap) to a newly built skyscraper (the mRNA). This cap is crucial because it protects the building from damage and ensures it can function properly.

Related terms

Capping Enzyme: An enzyme that adds a protective cap to mRNA molecules.

mRNA (Messenger RNA): A type of RNA molecule that carries genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm where proteins are made.

Enzyme: A protein that acts as a biological catalyst, speeding up chemical reactions in cells.