These are proteins that can open or close in response to a specific stimulus, allowing ions to pass through the cell membrane.
Think of gated ion channel proteins like automatic doors at a grocery store. They remain closed until they sense someone (or something) approaching, then they open up to let them through. Once the person has passed, they close again.
Voltage-gated channels: These are ion channels that open or close in response to changes in electrical potential across the cell membrane.
Ligand-gated channels: These are ion channels that open or close when a specific chemical (the ligand) binds to them.
Mechanically-gated channels: These are ion channels that open or close in response to physical deformation of the receptor, such as stretching or pressure.
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