AMSCO 2.6 Environmental Consequences of Connectivity Notes
1 min read•october 2, 2023
📍Topic 2.6 Environmental Consequences of Connectivity
📖 AMSCO p.121 - p.126
Main Idea
Key Timeline
Image Courtesy of Sandra
Things to Know
Crop diffusion
- The emergence of trade networks allowed new types of agricultural products to spring up from Europe to the Mediterranean Basin
Important Agricultural Products
- Champa rice = drought-resistant rice originating from Vietnam introduced into Champa states and given to China created through terrace farming; it also helped with population growth
- Sugar and Citrus crops = new crops spread through the Arabian Peninsula along with Islam and Arabic language
- Bananas = Nutrient-rich food passed to Sub-Saharan Africa from across the Indian Ocean that caused population growth
- To grow these farmers increased land cultivation which also contributed to population growth
Consequences of Exchange Networks
- Environmental Degradation
- As population growth increased, pressure was placed on resources as issues like overgrazing, deforestation, and soil erosion
- This in turn caused some reduction in agricultural output in Europe during “Little Ice Age”
- Epidemics (Disease)
- Bubonic Plague (Black Death): As trade developed across European and Asian continent, disease spread along routes as infected animals with fleas traveled across them
- Additionally, rodents spreading throughout the trade routes brought the Black Death
- Population Increase
- Advancements in agricultural production led to growing populations which caused a need for more agricultural production
- Efforts to satisfy these agricultural changes led to more resources needed to sustain growing populations, which placed more pressure on resources
- These pressures caused issues like environmental degradation which could have contributed to a consequential decline in population
- Relationship between Population and Agricultural Changes
- Agricultural advancements lead to population growth and as population increases the resource strain may cause a decline, and new advancements may cause the population to increase again
- This cycle repeated in a cause and effect relationship throughout this period
Terms to Remember
| Term | Definition + Significance |
| Champa rice | Quick maturing, drought resistant rice that was given to China from modern day Vietnam (Champa state) that was viable through terrace farming which increased land use in places where land was previously thought unusable |
| Environmental Degradation | Environmental deterioration through depletion of resources like air & water and disturbance to environments and ecosystems |
| Bubonic Plague | Also known as Black Death, the disease that spread through Europe from Eurasian trade networks that killed one-third of the population and diminished the workforce necessary to sustain agricultural production |
| Crop migration | New crops were introduced into new areas they were not originally in due to movement of people and goods along trade routes |
| Agricultural advancement | New techniques such as terrace farming allowed for increased agricultural production, more capacity to feed larger populations, and sustain urban development |
AMSCO 2.6 Environmental Consequences of Connectivity Notes
1 min read•october 2, 2023
📍Topic 2.6 Environmental Consequences of Connectivity
📖 AMSCO p.121 - p.126
Main Idea
Key Timeline
Image Courtesy of Sandra
Things to Know
Crop diffusion
- The emergence of trade networks allowed new types of agricultural products to spring up from Europe to the Mediterranean Basin
Important Agricultural Products
- Champa rice = drought-resistant rice originating from Vietnam introduced into Champa states and given to China created through terrace farming; it also helped with population growth
- Sugar and Citrus crops = new crops spread through the Arabian Peninsula along with Islam and Arabic language
- Bananas = Nutrient-rich food passed to Sub-Saharan Africa from across the Indian Ocean that caused population growth
- To grow these farmers increased land cultivation which also contributed to population growth
Consequences of Exchange Networks
- Environmental Degradation
- As population growth increased, pressure was placed on resources as issues like overgrazing, deforestation, and soil erosion
- This in turn caused some reduction in agricultural output in Europe during “Little Ice Age”
- Epidemics (Disease)
- Bubonic Plague (Black Death): As trade developed across European and Asian continent, disease spread along routes as infected animals with fleas traveled across them
- Additionally, rodents spreading throughout the trade routes brought the Black Death
- Population Increase
- Advancements in agricultural production led to growing populations which caused a need for more agricultural production
- Efforts to satisfy these agricultural changes led to more resources needed to sustain growing populations, which placed more pressure on resources
- These pressures caused issues like environmental degradation which could have contributed to a consequential decline in population
- Relationship between Population and Agricultural Changes
- Agricultural advancements lead to population growth and as population increases the resource strain may cause a decline, and new advancements may cause the population to increase again
- This cycle repeated in a cause and effect relationship throughout this period
Terms to Remember
| Term | Definition + Significance |
| Champa rice | Quick maturing, drought resistant rice that was given to China from modern day Vietnam (Champa state) that was viable through terrace farming which increased land use in places where land was previously thought unusable |
| Environmental Degradation | Environmental deterioration through depletion of resources like air & water and disturbance to environments and ecosystems |
| Bubonic Plague | Also known as Black Death, the disease that spread through Europe from Eurasian trade networks that killed one-third of the population and diminished the workforce necessary to sustain agricultural production |
| Crop migration | New crops were introduced into new areas they were not originally in due to movement of people and goods along trade routes |
| Agricultural advancement | New techniques such as terrace farming allowed for increased agricultural production, more capacity to feed larger populations, and sustain urban development |
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