Fiveable
Fiveable

or

Log in

Find what you need to study


Light

Find what you need to study

Reasoning and Organization MC Answers

8 min readdecember 20, 2021

Answers and Review for Multiple Choice Practice on Reasoning and Organization

⛔STOP!⛔ Before you look at the answers make sure you gave this practice quiz a try so you can assess your understanding of the concepts covered in unit 1. Click here for the practice questions: AP English Lang Reasoning and Organization Multiple Choice Questions !

https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/fiveable-92889.appspot.com/o/images%2F-63DTE96BPZri.jpg?alt=media&token=b10afd52-21a4-4a8a-80da-2d3cd5c2f091

Image from Wikimedia Commons

Facts about the test: The AP English Language exam has 45 multiple choice questions and you will be given 60 minutes to complete the section. That means it should take you around 3 minutes to complete 4 questions.*The following questions were not written by College Board and although they cover information outlined in the AP English Language Course and Exam Description the formatting on the exam may be different.


1. Reasoning involves

A. Showing the audience how you process your argument

B. Showing how the evidence supports the

C. Showing the negatives of opposing arguments

D. All of the above

Explanation: Reasoning should be thought of as the logical path that moves from to evidence to the link between each of these elements. Show the negatives of the opposition is also part of reasoning because it helps to serve as evidence for a .

📄 Read: AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis Essay Practice


2. Which of the following best describes the ?

A. The text structure used to serve a specific purpose in the arrangement of the argument's parts.

B. The intentional use of words and phrases to create a certain impact on the audience.

C. The element that moves the speaker to the action of creating a given argument.

D. The application of the rhetorical appeals when spread equally through the argument.

Explanation: The methods for development include the approaches to structure the reasoning of the argument such as definition, description, comparison, , or .

🎥 Watch: Practice with Argument


3.  should occur both within consecutive sentences and within consecutive paragraphs.

A. TRUE

B. FALSE

Explanation: "True - Essential Knowledge REO - 1.N states, "" occurs at different levels in a piece of writing. In a sentence, the idea in one clause logically links to an idea in the next. In a paragraph, the idea in one sentence logically links to an idea in the next. In a text, the ideas in one paragraph logically link to the ideas in the next."""

📄 Read: AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis Essay Practice


4. To effectively use , a speaker must consider all of the following EXCEPT____.

A. The speaker should consider the evidence that will best support the

B. The author should consider how to frame his/her appearance for delivery of the argument.

C. The speaker should consider what the audience likely thinks about the topic.

D. The speaker should consider the purpose of the specific chunk of the argument.

Explanation: While the author's appearance when presenting an argument does matter, it does not clearly connect with the as those are about the structured cohesion that is present in the text.

🎥 Watch: Practice with Argument


5. Evidence to support a should be directly quoted when

A. The original text uses the best version to communicate the idea

B. The speaker wants to disagree with the ideas presented in the text

C. There is a need to specifically clarify components in the argument

D. All of the above

Explanation: While quotations should be used sparingly and there should definitely be more of your commentary/analysis than borrowed words, there are times when quotations are appropriate: when the original text says it best, when a disagreement is being expressed, when evidence needs to be specifically clarified.

📄 Watch: 🌶️ AP Lang Cram Review: RA Evidence and Commentary


6. A is

A. the logical sequencing of an arguments claims, evidence, and commentary/analysis.

B. use of appeals to impact the emotions of the audience and move them to a desired outcome.

C. the commentary added to an argument after the first delivery failed at achieving the purpose.

D. a "conversation" between conflicting perspectives regarding the given topic.

Explanation: The phrase "" refers to the path by which the argument in reached, thus creating a logical sequence of each element of the text.

🎥 Watch: 🌶️ AP Lang Cram Review: Types of Claims and Line of Reasoning (Thesis Statement + Outlining)


7. Which of the following best describes ?

A. Organizational technique based on understanding all of the facts about an issue before one can come to any reasonable conclusions or positions.

B. Organizational technique focused on paragraphs built from claims, evidence, and reasoning through commentary and analysis.

C. Organizational technique involving progress from intro and background to position and proof to conclusion.

Explanation: is based on Aristotle's original Canons of Oration and moves through the basic structure of introduction, body, and conclusion. Each segment serves a specific purpose: intro with background and context, body with position and proof (including opposition), and conclusion with a call to act.

🎥 Watch: 🌶️ AP Lang Cram Review: Argumentative Structures (Classical + Toulmin)


8. Which of the following best describes the ?

A. Organizational technique involving progress from intro and background to position and proof to conclusion.  

B. Organizational technique focused on paragraphs built from claims, evidence, and reasoning through commentary and analysis.

C. Organizational technique based on understanding all of the facts about an issue before one can come to any reasonable conclusions or positions.

Explanation: Toulmin's Model was originally created to help students break down existing arguments, but the essential elements of , evidence, and reasoning can also be used to frame paragraphs within an existing argument.

🎥 Watch: 🌶️ AP Lang Cram Review: Argumentative Structures (Classical + Toulmin)


9. Which of the following best describes the ?

A. Organizational technique based on understanding all of the facts about an issue before one can come to any reasonable conclusions or positions. 

B. Organizational technique focused on paragraphs built from claims, evidence, and reasoning through commentary and analysis.

C. Organizational technique involving progress from intro and background to position and proof to conclusion.

Explanation: The Rogerian Method still allows for the intro, body, and conclusion, but the focus in primarily on complete understanding of all parts of the issue before coming to a position. In many cases, this results in consensus, so it is not generally suggested as a structure for the AP Lang exam.

🎥 Watch: 🌶️ AP Lang Cram Review: Argumentative Structures (Classical + Toulmin)


10. Reasoning in an argument includes cohesion

A. within sentences

B. between different sentences

C. within paragraphs

D. All of the above

Explanation: "Essential Knowledge: ""REO-1.N: occurs at different levels in a piece of writing. In a sentence, the idea in one clause logically links to an idea in the next. In a paragraph, the idea in one sentence logically links to an idea in the next. In a text, the ideas in one paragraph logically link to the ideas in the next.""

🎥 Watch: Practice with Argument


11. Organization of an argument can effectively place the in the introduction of a text, near the end of the text, or, in some cases, not directly state the thesis at all.

A. TRUE 

B. FALSE

Explanation: True - Reasoning generally does progress from the thesis to the evidence, but there are many strong examples of the evidence being presented with the thesis only stated explicitly at the end of the text. In some cases, the thesis is only implied, leaving the audience to come to the desired conclusion through carefully planned claims and evidence.

🎥 Watch: Practice with Argument


12. Which of the following best describes as a method of development?

A. Writers offer details about real-life experiences and offer reflections and insights on the significance of those experiences 

B. Writers present a cause, assert effects or consequences of that cause, or present a series of causes and the subsequent effect(s).

C. Writers present a category of comparison and then examine the similarities and/or differences between the objects of the comparison.

D. Writers relate the characteristics, features, or sensory details of an object or idea, sometimes using examples or illustrations.

Explanation: "Essential Knowledge: ""REO-1.I: When developing ideas through , writers offer details about real-life experiences and offer reflections and insights on the significance of those experiences.""

🎥 Watch: Practice with Argument


13. Which of the following best describes as a method of development?

A. Writers present a cause, assert effects or consequences of that cause, or present a series of causes and the subsequent effect(s). 

B. Writers offer details about real-life experiences and offer reflections and insights on the significance of those experiences

C. Writers relate the characteristics, features, or sensory details of an object or idea, sometimes using examples or illustrations.

D. Writers present a category of comparison and then examine the similarities and/or differences between the objects of the comparison.

Explanation: "Essential Knowledge: ""REO-1.J: When developing ideas through , writers present a cause, assert effects or consequences of that cause, or present a series of causes and the subsequent effect(s).""

🎥 Watch: Practice with Argument


14. Which of the following best describes as a method of development?

A. Writers relate the characteristics, features, or sensory details of an object or idea, sometimes using examples or illustrations.  

B. Writers offer details about real-life experiences and offer reflections and insights on the significance of those experiences

C. Writers present a category of comparison and then examine the similarities and/or differences between the objects of the comparison.

D. Writers present a cause, assert effects or consequences of that cause, or present a series of causes and the subsequent effect(s).

Explanation: "Essential Knowledge: ""REO-1.K: When developing ideas through , writers present a category of comparison and then examine the similarities and/or differences between the objects of the comparison. When analyzing similarities and/or differences, like categories of comparison must be used.""

🎥 Watch: Practice with Argument


15. Which of the following best describes definition-description as a method of development?

A. Writers present a category of comparison and then examine the similarities and/or differences between the objects of the comparison. 

B. Writers present a cause, assert effects or consequences of that cause, or present a series of causes and the subsequent effect(s).

C. Writers offer details about real-life experiences and offer reflections and insights on the significance of those experiences

D. Writers relate the characteristics, features, or sensory details of an object or idea, sometimes using examples or illustrations.

Explanation: "Essential Knowledge: ""REO-1.L: When developing ideas through a definition or description, writers relate the characteristics, features, or sensory details of an object or idea, sometimes using examples or illustrations.""

🎥 Watch: Practice with Argument

What can we help you do now?

🔍Study for AP Lang: Synthesis 🤝Connect with other students studying AP English Language with Hours

Key Terms to Review (11)

Cause-Effect

: Cause-effect refers to the relationship between events or actions where one event (the cause) leads to another event (the effect). It explains how and why things happen in a sequence.

Claim

: A claim is a statement that asserts a position or belief about a particular topic. It serves as the main point or thesis of an argument and requires support from evidence.

Classical Structure

: Classical structure refers to a traditional essay structure that consists of an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. It follows a linear progression and is often used in academic writing.

Coherence

: Coherence refers to the clear and logical flow of ideas in a piece of writing, where each sentence and paragraph connects smoothly to the next. It ensures that readers can easily follow and understand the writer's message.

Comparison-Contrast

: Comparison-contrast refers to analyzing similarities (comparison) and differences (contrast) between two or more subjects, ideas, or texts. It involves examining the characteristics and qualities of each subject to highlight their similarities and differences.

Line of Reasoning

: A line of reasoning refers to the logical progression of ideas or arguments in a piece of writing or speech. It is the way in which evidence and claims are connected to form a coherent and persuasive argument.

Methods of development

: Methods of development refer to various strategies used to support and expand upon main points or thesis statements in writing. These methods help provide evidence, examples, details, and explanations for better understanding.

Narration

: Narration is the act of telling a story or recounting events, usually in chronological order. It involves providing details, characters, and a plot to engage the reader.

Rogerian structure

: Rogerian structure is an approach to argumentation that emphasizes finding common ground and understanding opposing viewpoints. It aims to foster cooperation and compromise rather than confrontation.

Thesis Statement

: A thesis statement is a clear and concise sentence that presents the main argument or claim of an essay. It serves as a roadmap for the reader, outlining the main points that will be discussed in the essay.

Toulmin Model

: The Toulmin Model is a framework for analyzing and constructing arguments. It consists of six components: claim, grounds, warrant, backing, qualifier, and rebuttal.

Reasoning and Organization MC Answers

8 min readdecember 20, 2021

Answers and Review for Multiple Choice Practice on Reasoning and Organization

⛔STOP!⛔ Before you look at the answers make sure you gave this practice quiz a try so you can assess your understanding of the concepts covered in unit 1. Click here for the practice questions: AP English Lang Reasoning and Organization Multiple Choice Questions !

https://firebasestorage.googleapis.com/v0/b/fiveable-92889.appspot.com/o/images%2F-63DTE96BPZri.jpg?alt=media&token=b10afd52-21a4-4a8a-80da-2d3cd5c2f091

Image from Wikimedia Commons

Facts about the test: The AP English Language exam has 45 multiple choice questions and you will be given 60 minutes to complete the section. That means it should take you around 3 minutes to complete 4 questions.*The following questions were not written by College Board and although they cover information outlined in the AP English Language Course and Exam Description the formatting on the exam may be different.


1. Reasoning involves

A. Showing the audience how you process your argument

B. Showing how the evidence supports the

C. Showing the negatives of opposing arguments

D. All of the above

Explanation: Reasoning should be thought of as the logical path that moves from to evidence to the link between each of these elements. Show the negatives of the opposition is also part of reasoning because it helps to serve as evidence for a .

📄 Read: AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis Essay Practice


2. Which of the following best describes the ?

A. The text structure used to serve a specific purpose in the arrangement of the argument's parts.

B. The intentional use of words and phrases to create a certain impact on the audience.

C. The element that moves the speaker to the action of creating a given argument.

D. The application of the rhetorical appeals when spread equally through the argument.

Explanation: The methods for development include the approaches to structure the reasoning of the argument such as definition, description, comparison, , or .

🎥 Watch: Practice with Argument


3.  should occur both within consecutive sentences and within consecutive paragraphs.

A. TRUE

B. FALSE

Explanation: "True - Essential Knowledge REO - 1.N states, "" occurs at different levels in a piece of writing. In a sentence, the idea in one clause logically links to an idea in the next. In a paragraph, the idea in one sentence logically links to an idea in the next. In a text, the ideas in one paragraph logically link to the ideas in the next."""

📄 Read: AP Lang Rhetorical Analysis Essay Practice


4. To effectively use , a speaker must consider all of the following EXCEPT____.

A. The speaker should consider the evidence that will best support the

B. The author should consider how to frame his/her appearance for delivery of the argument.

C. The speaker should consider what the audience likely thinks about the topic.

D. The speaker should consider the purpose of the specific chunk of the argument.

Explanation: While the author's appearance when presenting an argument does matter, it does not clearly connect with the as those are about the structured cohesion that is present in the text.

🎥 Watch: Practice with Argument


5. Evidence to support a should be directly quoted when

A. The original text uses the best version to communicate the idea

B. The speaker wants to disagree with the ideas presented in the text

C. There is a need to specifically clarify components in the argument

D. All of the above

Explanation: While quotations should be used sparingly and there should definitely be more of your commentary/analysis than borrowed words, there are times when quotations are appropriate: when the original text says it best, when a disagreement is being expressed, when evidence needs to be specifically clarified.

📄 Watch: 🌶️ AP Lang Cram Review: RA Evidence and Commentary


6. A is

A. the logical sequencing of an arguments claims, evidence, and commentary/analysis.

B. use of appeals to impact the emotions of the audience and move them to a desired outcome.

C. the commentary added to an argument after the first delivery failed at achieving the purpose.

D. a "conversation" between conflicting perspectives regarding the given topic.

Explanation: The phrase "" refers to the path by which the argument in reached, thus creating a logical sequence of each element of the text.

🎥 Watch: 🌶️ AP Lang Cram Review: Types of Claims and Line of Reasoning (Thesis Statement + Outlining)


7. Which of the following best describes ?

A. Organizational technique based on understanding all of the facts about an issue before one can come to any reasonable conclusions or positions.

B. Organizational technique focused on paragraphs built from claims, evidence, and reasoning through commentary and analysis.

C. Organizational technique involving progress from intro and background to position and proof to conclusion.

Explanation: is based on Aristotle's original Canons of Oration and moves through the basic structure of introduction, body, and conclusion. Each segment serves a specific purpose: intro with background and context, body with position and proof (including opposition), and conclusion with a call to act.

🎥 Watch: 🌶️ AP Lang Cram Review: Argumentative Structures (Classical + Toulmin)


8. Which of the following best describes the ?

A. Organizational technique involving progress from intro and background to position and proof to conclusion.  

B. Organizational technique focused on paragraphs built from claims, evidence, and reasoning through commentary and analysis.

C. Organizational technique based on understanding all of the facts about an issue before one can come to any reasonable conclusions or positions.

Explanation: Toulmin's Model was originally created to help students break down existing arguments, but the essential elements of , evidence, and reasoning can also be used to frame paragraphs within an existing argument.

🎥 Watch: 🌶️ AP Lang Cram Review: Argumentative Structures (Classical + Toulmin)


9. Which of the following best describes the ?

A. Organizational technique based on understanding all of the facts about an issue before one can come to any reasonable conclusions or positions. 

B. Organizational technique focused on paragraphs built from claims, evidence, and reasoning through commentary and analysis.

C. Organizational technique involving progress from intro and background to position and proof to conclusion.

Explanation: The Rogerian Method still allows for the intro, body, and conclusion, but the focus in primarily on complete understanding of all parts of the issue before coming to a position. In many cases, this results in consensus, so it is not generally suggested as a structure for the AP Lang exam.

🎥 Watch: 🌶️ AP Lang Cram Review: Argumentative Structures (Classical + Toulmin)


10. Reasoning in an argument includes cohesion

A. within sentences

B. between different sentences

C. within paragraphs

D. All of the above

Explanation: "Essential Knowledge: ""REO-1.N: occurs at different levels in a piece of writing. In a sentence, the idea in one clause logically links to an idea in the next. In a paragraph, the idea in one sentence logically links to an idea in the next. In a text, the ideas in one paragraph logically link to the ideas in the next.""

🎥 Watch: Practice with Argument


11. Organization of an argument can effectively place the in the introduction of a text, near the end of the text, or, in some cases, not directly state the thesis at all.

A. TRUE 

B. FALSE

Explanation: True - Reasoning generally does progress from the thesis to the evidence, but there are many strong examples of the evidence being presented with the thesis only stated explicitly at the end of the text. In some cases, the thesis is only implied, leaving the audience to come to the desired conclusion through carefully planned claims and evidence.

🎥 Watch: Practice with Argument


12. Which of the following best describes as a method of development?

A. Writers offer details about real-life experiences and offer reflections and insights on the significance of those experiences 

B. Writers present a cause, assert effects or consequences of that cause, or present a series of causes and the subsequent effect(s).

C. Writers present a category of comparison and then examine the similarities and/or differences between the objects of the comparison.

D. Writers relate the characteristics, features, or sensory details of an object or idea, sometimes using examples or illustrations.

Explanation: "Essential Knowledge: ""REO-1.I: When developing ideas through , writers offer details about real-life experiences and offer reflections and insights on the significance of those experiences.""

🎥 Watch: Practice with Argument


13. Which of the following best describes as a method of development?

A. Writers present a cause, assert effects or consequences of that cause, or present a series of causes and the subsequent effect(s). 

B. Writers offer details about real-life experiences and offer reflections and insights on the significance of those experiences

C. Writers relate the characteristics, features, or sensory details of an object or idea, sometimes using examples or illustrations.

D. Writers present a category of comparison and then examine the similarities and/or differences between the objects of the comparison.

Explanation: "Essential Knowledge: ""REO-1.J: When developing ideas through , writers present a cause, assert effects or consequences of that cause, or present a series of causes and the subsequent effect(s).""

🎥 Watch: Practice with Argument


14. Which of the following best describes as a method of development?

A. Writers relate the characteristics, features, or sensory details of an object or idea, sometimes using examples or illustrations.  

B. Writers offer details about real-life experiences and offer reflections and insights on the significance of those experiences

C. Writers present a category of comparison and then examine the similarities and/or differences between the objects of the comparison.

D. Writers present a cause, assert effects or consequences of that cause, or present a series of causes and the subsequent effect(s).

Explanation: "Essential Knowledge: ""REO-1.K: When developing ideas through , writers present a category of comparison and then examine the similarities and/or differences between the objects of the comparison. When analyzing similarities and/or differences, like categories of comparison must be used.""

🎥 Watch: Practice with Argument


15. Which of the following best describes definition-description as a method of development?

A. Writers present a category of comparison and then examine the similarities and/or differences between the objects of the comparison. 

B. Writers present a cause, assert effects or consequences of that cause, or present a series of causes and the subsequent effect(s).

C. Writers offer details about real-life experiences and offer reflections and insights on the significance of those experiences

D. Writers relate the characteristics, features, or sensory details of an object or idea, sometimes using examples or illustrations.

Explanation: "Essential Knowledge: ""REO-1.L: When developing ideas through a definition or description, writers relate the characteristics, features, or sensory details of an object or idea, sometimes using examples or illustrations.""

🎥 Watch: Practice with Argument

What can we help you do now?

🔍Study for AP Lang: Synthesis 🤝Connect with other students studying AP English Language with Hours

Key Terms to Review (11)

Cause-Effect

: Cause-effect refers to the relationship between events or actions where one event (the cause) leads to another event (the effect). It explains how and why things happen in a sequence.

Claim

: A claim is a statement that asserts a position or belief about a particular topic. It serves as the main point or thesis of an argument and requires support from evidence.

Classical Structure

: Classical structure refers to a traditional essay structure that consists of an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. It follows a linear progression and is often used in academic writing.

Coherence

: Coherence refers to the clear and logical flow of ideas in a piece of writing, where each sentence and paragraph connects smoothly to the next. It ensures that readers can easily follow and understand the writer's message.

Comparison-Contrast

: Comparison-contrast refers to analyzing similarities (comparison) and differences (contrast) between two or more subjects, ideas, or texts. It involves examining the characteristics and qualities of each subject to highlight their similarities and differences.

Line of Reasoning

: A line of reasoning refers to the logical progression of ideas or arguments in a piece of writing or speech. It is the way in which evidence and claims are connected to form a coherent and persuasive argument.

Methods of development

: Methods of development refer to various strategies used to support and expand upon main points or thesis statements in writing. These methods help provide evidence, examples, details, and explanations for better understanding.

Narration

: Narration is the act of telling a story or recounting events, usually in chronological order. It involves providing details, characters, and a plot to engage the reader.

Rogerian structure

: Rogerian structure is an approach to argumentation that emphasizes finding common ground and understanding opposing viewpoints. It aims to foster cooperation and compromise rather than confrontation.

Thesis Statement

: A thesis statement is a clear and concise sentence that presents the main argument or claim of an essay. It serves as a roadmap for the reader, outlining the main points that will be discussed in the essay.

Toulmin Model

: The Toulmin Model is a framework for analyzing and constructing arguments. It consists of six components: claim, grounds, warrant, backing, qualifier, and rebuttal.


© 2024 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved.

AP® and SAT® are trademarks registered by the College Board, which is not affiliated with, and does not endorse this website.


© 2024 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved.

AP® and SAT® are trademarks registered by the College Board, which is not affiliated with, and does not endorse this website.