In an international context, mandates refer to territories transferred from one power to another under the auspices of League of Nations after World War I.
Imagine if your parents left you with a babysitter for a weekend. Your parents are like defeated countries after WWI; they can't take care of you right now. The babysitter is like mandate-holding powers; they're responsible for you until your parents return (or until independence is achieved).
League of Nations: An intergovernmental organization founded on 10 January 1920 as a result of the Paris Peace Conference that ended WWI. Its primary goal was maintaining world peace.
Colonialism: The policy or practice by which a powerful country directly controls less powerful countries and uses their resources to increase its own power and wealth.
Decolonization: The process by which colonies become independent from their colonizing countries.
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