Patterns of behavior expected of persons occupying particular social positions; defined by rules set by society and shaped by individual personality traits and abilities.
Think of a school play. Each actor has a specific role, like the lead or supporting character, and they're expected to behave in certain ways that fit those roles. In real life, we all have roles too - as students, parents, employees - and society expects us to act in certain ways based on these roles.
Role Conflict: The tension caused by competing demands between two or more roles pertaining to different statuses.
Role Strain: The difficulty that arises when the same social position imposes conflicting demands and expectations.
Social Norms: Expected standards of conduct in a society which influence behavior.
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