An isolated system refers to a physical system that does not exchange matter or energy with its surroundings.
Think of an astronaut floating alone in space with no contact with anything else. They have no way to receive supplies (matter) or communicate (energy) with anyone outside their spacesuit.
Adiabatic Process: A process where there is no transfer of heat between a system and its surroundings.
Entropy: A measure of the disorder or randomness in a system. In an isolated system, entropy tends to increase over time.
Laws of Thermodynamics: Fundamental principles governing the behavior of energy in various systems, including isolated systems.
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