Conservative systems are those where mechanical energy (the sum of potential and kinetic energies) remains constant throughout its motion.
Picture a roller coaster ride without any friction. As long as there is no external work done on the coaster due to friction or air resistance, its total mechanical energy will stay constant throughout the ride.
Potential Energy: The stored energy possessed by an object due to its position relative to other objects.
Kinetic Energy: The energy possessed by an object due to its motion.
Work: The transfer of energy that occurs when a force is applied to an object and it moves in the direction of the force.
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